Newton was born prematurely and his father died three months before his birth. He was raised by his grandmother after his mother remarried.

He attended the King's School in Grantham and later studied at Trinity College, Cambridge, where he delved into mathematics, optics, and physics.

Newton made significant contributions in mathematics, optics, physics, and astronomy.

His work on calculus, which he developed simultaneously with Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, laid the groundwork for modern mathematics.

His experiments with light and optics led to his publication of "Opticks," where he described the nature of light using prisms and established the basis for the understanding of the spectrum of colors.

His most famous work, "Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica" (Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy), commonly known as the Principia, introduced his laws of motion and the law of universal gravitation. This monumental work revolutionized the understanding of the physical universe.

Newton's laws of motion and universal gravitation unified terrestrial and celestial mechanics, providing a mathematical explanation for both earthly and celestial motions.

He became President of the Royal Society in 1703 and was knighted in 1705 for his services to the realm of science.

His theories and mathematical formulations had a profound impact on subsequent scientific thought, influencing generations of scientists and providing the foundation for classical mechanics.

Newton's work remains an integral part of scientific education and continues to be a cornerstone of physics and mathematics.

Newton spent his later years in academia and government service, notably serving as Warden and later Master of the Royal Mint, where he was involved in efforts to combat counterfeiting.

He passed away on 31 March 1727 (aged 84) [O.S. 20 March 1726], in London, leaving behind a legacy that forever transformed the way we understand the natural world.

Isaac Newton's legacy as a pioneering scientist and mathematician is enduring, with his theories and discoveries forming the bedrock of modern physics and mathematics.